List of dog breeds

This list of dog breeds includes both extant and extinct dog breeds, varieties and types. A research article on dog genomics published in Science/AAAS defines modern dog breeds as "a recent invention defined by conformation to a physical ideal and purity of lineage".^[1]

According to BigThink, over 40% of the world's dog breeds come from the United Kingdom, France and Germany. It states: "Great Britain and France are the ground zero of dog fancying, with 57 registered breeds each. Germany is not far behind, with 47 breeds. These three countries alone represent more than 40% of all dog breeds recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale."^[2]

Extant breeds, varieties and types

A–C

D–K

L–R

S–Z

Extinct and critically endangered breeds, varieties and types

Notes

^ Debate exists about the classification of the dingo, it is sometimes considered a form of the domestic dog and sometimes a separate species.^[121]

References

Citations

^ Morrill, Kathleen; Hekman, Jessica; Li, Xue; McClure, Jesse; Logan, Brittney; Goodman, Linda; et al. (29 April 2022). "Ancestry-inclusive dog genomics challenges popular breed stereotypes". Science. 376 (6592). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): eabk0639. doi:10.1126/science.abk0639. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 9675396. PMID 35482869. S2CID 248430592.
^ "Over 40% of the world's dog breeds come from these 3 countries". bigthink. 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 277.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 107.
^ Morris (2001), p. 685.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 353.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 256.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 351.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 136.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 173.
^ Morris (2001), p. 359.
^ Morris (2001), p. 649.
^ Fogle (2009), pp. 146–147.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 122.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 190.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 381.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 224.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 159.
^ Fogle (2009), pp. 148–9.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 178.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 292.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 274.
^ Hancock (2013), p. 33.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 166.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 320.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 164.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 87–88.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 153.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 312.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fogle (2009), p. 313.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 273.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 126–128.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 167.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 276.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 109.
^ ^a ^b Hancock (2012), p. 110.
^ Hancock (2014a), p. 87.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 208.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 90.
^ Hancock (2014a), p. 130.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 165.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 163.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fogle (2009), p. 167.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 171.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 194.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 182.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 310.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 328.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 283.
^ Fogle (2009), pp. 306–307.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 332.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 329.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 366.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 196.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fogle (2009), p. 180.
^ Morris (2001), p. 99.
^ Hancock (2011), p. 9.
^ Alderton (2000), p. 133.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 158.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 141.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 230.
^ Morris (2001), p. 618.
^ ^a ^b ^c Hancock (2014a), p. 14.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 367.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 308.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 258.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 106.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 275.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 358.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 352.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 340.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 183.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 243.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 247.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 245.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 244.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 293.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 168.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 83.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 191.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 32.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 286.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 336.
^ Hancock (2013), p. 78.
^ Payeras Capella, Llorenç. "Ca Mè Mallorquí". Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas. pp. 514–517.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 322.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 266.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 89.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 14.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 311.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 92.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Hancock (2014a), p. 13.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 324.
^ Alderton (2000), pp. 131–132.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 94–95.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 350.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 375.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 349.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 240.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 262.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 210.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 161.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 193.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 368.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 377.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 142.
^ Soman (1962), pp. 93–94.
^ Morris (2001), p. 41.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 141.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 95.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 223.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 369.
^ Hancock (2012), p. 94.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 330.
^ Fogle (2009), pp. 288–91.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 383.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 269.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 386.
^ ^a ^b Mehus-Roe (2005), p. 349.
^ "The domestic livestock resources of Turkey: breed descriptions and status of guard and hunting dogs". ResearchGate. 22 September 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
^ Jackson & Groves (2015), pp. 287–290.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Fogle (2009), p. 334.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 337.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 229.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fogle (2009), p. 177.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 172.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 331.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 287.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 126.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 14–15.
^ Morris (2001), p. 582.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 225.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 170.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 234.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 138–141.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 221.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fogle (2009), p. 260.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 321.
^ ^a ^b Alderton (2000), p. 118.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 222.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 173.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 129.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 128.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 216.
^ Staff Writer (25 June 2008). "What is Florida brown dog syndrome?". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. Retrieved 28 April 2024.(subscription required)
^ Hudson, Stewart (29 January 2017). Florida Cracker Cur Training Guide. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. Book Features: Florida Cracker Cur Housetraining, Obedience Training, Agility Training, Behavioral Training, Tricks and More
^ "Florida Cracker Cur". Gun dog central. Retrieved 30 April 2024.
^ "Florida Cracker Cur". 101dogbreeds. dogbreeds.com. 10 November 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2024. These dogs get their name from the Florida cowboys, originally colonial British settlers. Due to the sound of their whips, they are also called "Crackers" and used to drive cattle across expansive plains.
^ Drew, Hubert (18 August 2022). "What is a Florida cracker cur dog?". Retrieved 30 April 2024.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 380.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 231.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 108.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fogle (2009), pp. 236–7.
^ ^a ^b Hancock (2013), p. 18.
^ Fogle (2009), pp. 304–5.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 135.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 318.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 282.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 217.
^ ^a ^b Alderton (2000), p. 114.
^ ^a ^b ^c Fogle (2009), p. 160.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 169.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 162.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 341.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 198.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 356.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 123.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 278.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 176.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 195.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 156.
^ ^a ^b Hancock (2014a), p. 32.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 344.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 132–4.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 144.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 235.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 207.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 110.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 187.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 186.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 113.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 284.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 133.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 374.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 140.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 263.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 137.
^ Soman (1962), p. 90.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 127.
^ Morris (2001), p. 396.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 333.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 134.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 257.
^ Morris (2001), p. 596.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 62.
^ Soman (1962), p. 91.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 316.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 220.
^ Hancock (2014a), p. 33.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 317.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 215.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 248.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 345.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 228.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 370.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 111.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 102.
^ Barba, Cecilio; García de Tena, Agustín; Esperanza Camacho, María. "Maneto". Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas. pp. 548–551.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 279.
^ ^a ^b Alderton (2000), p. 113.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 103.
^ ^a ^b "Meet the American Kennel Club's Newest Recognized Dog Breeds". Southern Living. 5 January 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 335.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 346.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 145.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 131.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 181.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 267.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 246.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 125.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 294.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 119–120.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 261.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 371.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 91.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 94.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 179.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 114.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 185.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 348.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 124.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 209.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 382.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 96.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 242.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 325.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 206.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 188.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 387.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 323.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 347.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 34–35.
^ Hancock (2012), p. 111.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 181.
^ Gleeson, Scott (5 January 2022). "Two new dog breeds officially recognized by the American Kennel Club". USA TODAY. Retrieved 26 June 2022.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 184.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 357.
^ Taefehshokr, Key & Maleki (2014), p. 15.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 147.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 197.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 268.
^ Alderton (2000), pp. 113–114.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 309.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 143.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 259.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 354.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 285.
^ Morris (2001), p. 235.
^ Hancock (2014a), pp. 34–36.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 385.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 343.
^ ^a ^b Fogle (2009), p. 376.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 342.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 192.
^ Mehus-Roe (2005), p. 350.
^ Hancock (2014b), pp. 156–157.
^ Alderton (2000), p. 109.
^ Soman (1962), pp. 66–67.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 214.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 241.
^ Alderton (2000), p. 84.
^ Hancock (2013), pp. 89.
^ Fogle (2009), pp. 92–3.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 272.
^ Morris (2001), p. 607.
^ Morris (2001), p. 609.
^ Morris (2001), p. 666.
^ ^a ^b Hancock (1984), p. 13.
^ Morris (2001), p. 225.
^ Morris (2001), p. 314.
^ Morris (2001), p. 87.
^ Hancock (1984), p. 21.
^ Morris (2001), p. 382.
^ Morris (2001), p. 369.
^ Hancock (2014a), p. 129.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 85.
^ Hancock (2014b), p. 169.
^ Fogle (2009), p. 84.
^ Hancock (1984), p. 27.
^ Hancock (2014a), p. 11.

Bibliography

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Fernández Rodríguez, Miguel; Gómez Fernández, Mariano; Delgado Bermejo, Juan Vicente; Adán Belmonte, Silvia; Jiménez Cabras, Miguel, eds. (2009). Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas [Field guide to native Spanish breeds] (PDF) (in Spanish). Madrid: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino. ISBN 978-84-491-0946-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 July 2019.
Fogle, Bruce (2009). The Encyclopedia of the Dog. New York: DK Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7566-6004-8.
Hancock, David (2014a). Dogs of the Shepherds: A Review of the Pastoral Breeds. Ramsbury, Wiltshire: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-808-0.
Hancock, David (2013). Gundogs: Their Past, their Performance and their Prospects. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-492-1.
Hancock, David (2014b). Hounds: Hunting by Scent. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-601-7.
Hancock, David (1984). Old Working Dogs. Botley, Oxfordshire: Shire Publications Ltd. ISBN 0852636784.
Hancock, David (2012). Sighthounds: Their Form, their Function and their Future. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-392-4.
Hancock, David (2011). Sporting Terriers: Their Form, their Function and their Future. Ramsbury, Marlborough: The Crowood Press Ltd. ISBN 978-1-84797-303-0.
Jackson, Stephen; Groves, Colin (2015). Taxonomy of Australian Mammals. CSIRO Publishing, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. ISBN 9781486300136.
Mehus-Roe, Kristin (2005). The Original Dog Bible: The Definitive Source for All Things Dog. Irvine, CA: Bow Tie Press. ISBN 1-931993-34-3.
Morris, Desmond (2001). Dogs: The Ultimate Dictionary of over 1,000 Dog Breeds. North Pomfret, VT: Trafalgar Square Publishing. ISBN 1-57076-219-8.
Soman, W.V. (1962). The Indian Dog. Mumbai: Popular Prakashan.
Taefehshokr, Sina; Key, Yashar; Maleki, Mehrdad (2014). "Survey on Iran's breeds of dogs". Journal of Veterinary Medicine (in Persian) (21). Tabriz: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University. Retrieved 20 May 2020.

[122] Debate exists about the classification of the dingo, it is sometimes considered a form of the domestic dog and sometimes a separate species.^[121]

[Morrill_Hekman_Li_McClure_p.-1] Morrill, Kathleen; Hekman, Jessica; Li, Xue; McClure, Jesse; Logan, Brittney; Goodman, Linda; et al. (29 April 2022). "Ancestry-inclusive dog genomics challenges popular breed stereotypes". Science. 376 (6592). American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS): eabk0639. doi:10.1126/science.abk0639. ISSN 0036-8075. PMC 9675396. PMID 35482869. S2CID 248430592.

[2] "Over 40% of the world's dog breeds come from these 3 countries". bigthink. 26 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009277-3] Fogle (2009), p. 277.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009107-4] Fogle (2009), p. 107.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001685-5] Morris (2001), p. 685.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009353-6] Fogle (2009), p. 353.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009256-7] Fogle (2009), p. 256.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009351-8] Fogle (2009), p. 351.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009136-9] Fogle (2009), p. 136.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b173-10] Hancock (2014b), p. 173.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001359-11] Morris (2001), p. 359.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001649-12] Morris (2001), p. 649.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009146–147-13] Fogle (2009), pp. 146–147.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009122-14] Fogle (2009), p. 122.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009190-15] Fogle (2009), p. 190.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009381-16] Fogle (2009), p. 381.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009224-17] Fogle (2009), p. 224.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b159-18] Hancock (2014b), p. 159.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009148–9-19] Fogle (2009), pp. 148–9.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009178-20] Fogle (2009), p. 178.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009292-21] Fogle (2009), p. 292.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009274-22] Fogle (2009), p. 274.

[FOOTNOTEHancock201333-23] Hancock (2013), p. 33.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009166-24] Fogle (2009), p. 166.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009320-25] Fogle (2009), p. 320.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009164-26] Fogle (2009), p. 164.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a87–88-27] Hancock (2014a), pp. 87–88.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b153-28] Hancock (2014b), p. 153.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009312-29] Fogle (2009), p. 312.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009313-30] Fogle (2009), p. 313.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009273-31] Fogle (2009), p. 273.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a126–128-32] Hancock (2014a), pp. 126–128.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b167-33] Hancock (2014b), p. 167.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009276-34] Fogle (2009), p. 276.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009109-35] Fogle (2009), p. 109.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2012110-36] Hancock (2012), p. 110.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a87-37] Hancock (2014a), p. 87.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009208-38] Fogle (2009), p. 208.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200990-39] Fogle (2009), p. 90.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a130-40] Hancock (2014a), p. 130.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009165-41] Fogle (2009), p. 165.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009163-42] Fogle (2009), p. 163.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009167-43] Fogle (2009), p. 167.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009171-44] Fogle (2009), p. 171.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009194-45] Fogle (2009), p. 194.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009182-46] Fogle (2009), p. 182.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009310-47] Fogle (2009), p. 310.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009328-48] Fogle (2009), p. 328.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009283-49] Fogle (2009), p. 283.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009306–307-50] Fogle (2009), pp. 306–307.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009332-51] Fogle (2009), p. 332.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009329-52] Fogle (2009), p. 329.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009366-53] Fogle (2009), p. 366.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009196-54] Fogle (2009), p. 196.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009180-55] Fogle (2009), p. 180.

[FOOTNOTEMorris200199-56] Morris (2001), p. 99.

[FOOTNOTEHancock20119-57] Hancock (2011), p. 9.

[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000133-58] Alderton (2000), p. 133.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009158-59] Fogle (2009), p. 158.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b141-60] Hancock (2014b), p. 141.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009230-61] Fogle (2009), p. 230.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001618-62] Morris (2001), p. 618.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a14-63] Hancock (2014a), p. 14.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009367-64] Fogle (2009), p. 367.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009308-65] Fogle (2009), p. 308.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009258-66] Fogle (2009), p. 258.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009106-67] Fogle (2009), p. 106.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009275-68] Fogle (2009), p. 275.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009358-69] Fogle (2009), p. 358.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009352-70] Fogle (2009), p. 352.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009340-71] Fogle (2009), p. 340.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009183-72] Fogle (2009), p. 183.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009243-73] Fogle (2009), p. 243.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009247-74] Fogle (2009), p. 247.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009245-75] Fogle (2009), p. 245.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009244-76] Fogle (2009), p. 244.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009293-77] Fogle (2009), p. 293.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009168-78] Fogle (2009), p. 168.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200983-79] Fogle (2009), p. 83.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009191-80] Fogle (2009), p. 191.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b32-81] Hancock (2014b), p. 32.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009286-82] Fogle (2009), p. 286.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009336-83] Fogle (2009), p. 336.

[FOOTNOTEHancock201378-84] Hancock (2013), p. 78.

[85] Payeras Capella, Llorenç. "Ca Mè Mallorquí". Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas. pp. 514–517.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009322-86] Fogle (2009), p. 322.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009266-87] Fogle (2009), p. 266.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200989-88] Fogle (2009), p. 89.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b14-89] Hancock (2014b), p. 14.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009311-90] Fogle (2009), p. 311.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200992-91] Fogle (2009), p. 92.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a13-92] Hancock (2014a), p. 13.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009324-93] Fogle (2009), p. 324.

[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000131–132-94] Alderton (2000), pp. 131–132.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a94–95-95] Hancock (2014a), pp. 94–95.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009350-96] Fogle (2009), p. 350.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009375-97] Fogle (2009), p. 375.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009349-98] Fogle (2009), p. 349.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009240-99] Fogle (2009), p. 240.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009262-100] Fogle (2009), p. 262.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009210-101] Fogle (2009), p. 210.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009161-102] Fogle (2009), p. 161.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009193-103] Fogle (2009), p. 193.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009368-104] Fogle (2009), p. 368.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009377-105] Fogle (2009), p. 377.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009142-106] Fogle (2009), p. 142.

[FOOTNOTESoman196293–94-107] Soman (1962), pp. 93–94.

[FOOTNOTEMorris200141-108] Morris (2001), p. 41.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009141-109] Fogle (2009), p. 141.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009369-112] Fogle (2009), p. 369.

[FOOTNOTEHancock201294-113] Hancock (2012), p. 94.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009330-114] Fogle (2009), p. 330.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009288–91-115] Fogle (2009), pp. 288–91.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009383-116] Fogle (2009), p. 383.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009269-117] Fogle (2009), p. 269.

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[FOOTNOTEMehus-Roe2005349-119] Mehus-Roe (2005), p. 349.

[gate-120] "The domestic livestock resources of Turkey: breed descriptions and status of guard and hunting dogs". ResearchGate. 22 September 2019. Retrieved 27 July 2023.

[FOOTNOTEJacksonGroves2015287–290-121] Jackson & Groves (2015), pp. 287–290.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009177-126] Fogle (2009), p. 177.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009172-127] Fogle (2009), p. 172.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009331-128] Fogle (2009), p. 331.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009287-129] Fogle (2009), p. 287.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009126-130] Fogle (2009), p. 126.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a14–15-131] Hancock (2014a), pp. 14–15.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001582-132] Morris (2001), p. 582.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009225-133] Fogle (2009), p. 225.

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[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a138–141-136] Hancock (2014a), pp. 138–141.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009221-137] Fogle (2009), p. 221.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009260-138] Fogle (2009), p. 260.

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[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000118-140] Alderton (2000), p. 118.

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[146] Staff Writer (25 June 2008). "What is Florida brown dog syndrome?". Sarasota Herald-Tribune. Retrieved 28 April 2024.(subscription required)

[147] Hudson, Stewart (29 January 2017). Florida Cracker Cur Training Guide. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform. Book Features: Florida Cracker Cur Housetraining, Obedience Training, Agility Training, Behavioral Training, Tricks and More

[GDC-148] "Florida Cracker Cur". Gun dog central. Retrieved 30 April 2024.

[DBC-149] "Florida Cracker Cur". 101dogbreeds. dogbreeds.com. 10 November 2023. Retrieved 30 April 2024. These dogs get their name from the Florida cowboys, originally colonial British settlers. Due to the sound of their whips, they are also called "Crackers" and used to drive cattle across expansive plains.

[Drew-150] Drew, Hubert (18 August 2022). "What is a Florida cracker cur dog?". Retrieved 30 April 2024.

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[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000114-161] Alderton (2000), p. 114.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009156-172] Fogle (2009), p. 156.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a32-173] Hancock (2014a), p. 32.

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[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a132–4-175] Hancock (2014a), pp. 132–4.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009235-177] Fogle (2009), p. 235.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009110-179] Fogle (2009), p. 110.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009186-181] Fogle (2009), p. 186.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009113-182] Fogle (2009), p. 113.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009284-183] Fogle (2009), p. 284.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009133-184] Fogle (2009), p. 133.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009374-185] Fogle (2009), p. 374.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009140-186] Fogle (2009), p. 140.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009263-187] Fogle (2009), p. 263.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009137-188] Fogle (2009), p. 137.

[FOOTNOTESoman196290-189] Soman (1962), p. 90.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009127-190] Fogle (2009), p. 127.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001396-191] Morris (2001), p. 396.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009333-192] Fogle (2009), p. 333.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009134-193] Fogle (2009), p. 134.

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[FOOTNOTEMorris2001596-195] Morris (2001), p. 596.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200962-196] Fogle (2009), p. 62.

[FOOTNOTESoman196291-197] Soman (1962), p. 91.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009316-198] Fogle (2009), p. 316.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009220-199] Fogle (2009), p. 220.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a33-200] Hancock (2014a), p. 33.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009317-201] Fogle (2009), p. 317.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009215-202] Fogle (2009), p. 215.

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[209] Barba, Cecilio; García de Tena, Agustín; Esperanza Camacho, María. "Maneto". Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas. pp. 548–551.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009279-210] Fogle (2009), p. 279.

[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000113-211] Alderton (2000), p. 113.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009103-212] Fogle (2009), p. 103.

[SL_2022-213] "Meet the American Kennel Club's Newest Recognized Dog Breeds". Southern Living. 5 January 2022. Retrieved 26 June 2022.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009335-214] Fogle (2009), p. 335.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009346-215] Fogle (2009), p. 346.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009145-216] Fogle (2009), p. 145.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009131-217] Fogle (2009), p. 131.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b181-218] Hancock (2014b), p. 181.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009267-219] Fogle (2009), p. 267.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009246-220] Fogle (2009), p. 246.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009125-221] Fogle (2009), p. 125.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009294-222] Fogle (2009), p. 294.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a119–120-223] Hancock (2014a), pp. 119–120.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009261-224] Fogle (2009), p. 261.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009371-225] Fogle (2009), p. 371.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200991-226] Fogle (2009), p. 91.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200994-227] Fogle (2009), p. 94.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009179-228] Fogle (2009), p. 179.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009114-229] Fogle (2009), p. 114.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009348-231] Fogle (2009), p. 348.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009124-232] Fogle (2009), p. 124.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009382-234] Fogle (2009), p. 382.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200996-235] Fogle (2009), p. 96.

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[FOOTNOTEFogle2009325-237] Fogle (2009), p. 325.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009206-238] Fogle (2009), p. 206.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009188-239] Fogle (2009), p. 188.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009387-240] Fogle (2009), p. 387.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009323-241] Fogle (2009), p. 323.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009347-242] Fogle (2009), p. 347.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a34–35-243] Hancock (2014a), pp. 34–35.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2012111-244] Hancock (2012), p. 111.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009181-245] Fogle (2009), p. 181.

[USAToday-2022-246] Gleeson, Scott (5 January 2022). "Two new dog breeds officially recognized by the American Kennel Club". USA TODAY. Retrieved 26 June 2022.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009184-247] Fogle (2009), p. 184.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009357-248] Fogle (2009), p. 357.

[FOOTNOTETaefehshokrKeyMaleki201415-249] Taefehshokr, Key & Maleki (2014), p. 15.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009147-250] Fogle (2009), p. 147.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009197-251] Fogle (2009), p. 197.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009268-252] Fogle (2009), p. 268.

[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000113–114-253] Alderton (2000), pp. 113–114.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009309-254] Fogle (2009), p. 309.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009143-255] Fogle (2009), p. 143.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009259-256] Fogle (2009), p. 259.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009354-257] Fogle (2009), p. 354.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009285-258] Fogle (2009), p. 285.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001235-259] Morris (2001), p. 235.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a34–36-260] Hancock (2014a), pp. 34–36.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009385-261] Fogle (2009), p. 385.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009343-262] Fogle (2009), p. 343.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009376-263] Fogle (2009), p. 376.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009342-264] Fogle (2009), p. 342.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009192-265] Fogle (2009), p. 192.

[FOOTNOTEMehus-Roe2005350-266] Mehus-Roe (2005), p. 350.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b156–157-267] Hancock (2014b), pp. 156–157.

[FOOTNOTEAlderton2000109-268] Alderton (2000), p. 109.

[FOOTNOTESoman196266–67-269] Soman (1962), pp. 66–67.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009214-270] Fogle (2009), p. 214.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009241-271] Fogle (2009), p. 241.

[FOOTNOTEAlderton200084-272] Alderton (2000), p. 84.

[FOOTNOTEHancock201389-273] Hancock (2013), pp. 89.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200992–3-274] Fogle (2009), pp. 92–3.

[FOOTNOTEFogle2009272-275] Fogle (2009), p. 272.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001607-276] Morris (2001), p. 607.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001609-277] Morris (2001), p. 609.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001666-278] Morris (2001), p. 666.

[FOOTNOTEHancock198413-279] Hancock (1984), p. 13.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001225-280] Morris (2001), p. 225.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001314-281] Morris (2001), p. 314.

[FOOTNOTEMorris200187-282] Morris (2001), p. 87.

[FOOTNOTEHancock198421-283] Hancock (1984), p. 21.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001382-284] Morris (2001), p. 382.

[FOOTNOTEMorris2001369-285] Morris (2001), p. 369.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a129-286] Hancock (2014a), p. 129.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200985-287] Fogle (2009), p. 85.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014b169-288] Hancock (2014b), p. 169.

[FOOTNOTEFogle200984-289] Fogle (2009), p. 84.

[FOOTNOTEHancock198427-290] Hancock (1984), p. 27.

[FOOTNOTEHancock2014a11-291] Hancock (2014a), p. 11.

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v t e Dogs
Types	African village dog Free-ranging dog Pye-dog Street dog Hairless dog Herding dog Collie Livestock guardian dog Sheep dog Hunting dog Cur Feist Lurcher Gun dog Pointer Retriever Setter Spaniel Water dog Hound Scenthound Basset Coonhound Foxhound Sighthound Longdog Terrier Bull-type terrier Pinscher Schnauzer Mastiff Bulldog Spitz Husky Laika Tugou Toy dog Bichon Turnspit dog
Breeds	List of breeds List of crossbreeds Mixed-breed dog Crossbreed Extinct breeds Most popular
Roles	Assistance dog Autism dog Guide dog Hearing dog Medical response dog Seizure dog Mobility assistance dog Therapy dog Psychiatric assistance dog Attack dog Bay dog Carriage dog Catch dog Companion dog Detection dog Fighting dog Guard dog Lap dog Meat dog Mercy dog Police dog usage by country Search and rescue dog Sled dog War dog
Behavior	Communication Barking Body language Howling Intelligence Dog–cat relationship
Human–dog interaction	Animal testing Baiting Breed-specific legislation Cynanthropy Dog bite Dog daycare Dog fighting Dog food dog biscuit 2007 recalls Dog grooming Dogs in religion Dogs in space Dog licence Dog meat Dog park Dog show Dog theft Dog sports Dog walking Fear of dogs Human–canine bond Origin of the domestic dog Therapy
Health	Aging (List of longest-living dogs) Anatomy Breeding Coat Conformation Diseases Dog food Odor Rabies in animals Rage syndrome Reproduction Skin disorders Vaccination
Training	Clicker Crate training Housebreaking Socialization
Related	Domesticated silver fox List of individual dogs List of fictional dogs Lists of dogs
Category Portal

v t e Breeds and cultivars
Lists of breeds Lists of cultivars
Methods	Backcrossing Crossbreed Inbreeding Marker-assisted selection Mutation breeding Outcrossing Preservation breeding Selective breeding Smart breeding (Marker-assisted selection) Hybrid Purebred
Animal breeds	Cat Cattle Chicken Dog breeding Donkey Duck Goat Goose Guinea pig Horse breeding Pig Pigeon breeding Rabbit Sheep Turkey Water buffalo Backyard breeder Breed standard Breeding back Breeding pair Breeding program Captive breeding Designer crossbreed
Plant cultivars	Apple Japanese Banana Basil Callistemon Canna Cannabis Capsicum Cherimoya Citrus hybrids Coffee Cucumber Gazania Grape Grevillea Hop Mango Narcissus (daffodils) Nemesia Nepenthes Olives Onion Pear Rice Rose breeders cultivars Strawberry Sweet potato Sweetcorn Tomato Venus flytrap
Selection methods and genetics	Culling Marker-assisted selection Natural selection balancing directional disruptive negative selective sweep stabilizing Selection methods in plant breeding Genotype Phenotype Dominance Codominance Epistasis Dwarfing Heterosis Outbreeding depression Inbreeding depression Recessive trait Sex linkage F1 hybrid
Other	Breed registry Breeder Eugenics Germline Heirloom plant Landrace Rare breed Tree breeding