1851 in literature
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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1851.
Events
[edit]- January 1 – The Caucasian Georgian theatre company gives its first performance, under the direction of Giorgi Eristavi.
- June 5 – Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel Uncle Tom's Cabin begins serialization in the American abolitionist weekly The National Era.
- June – While waiting to cross the English Channel on his honeymoon, Matthew Arnold probably begins to compose the poem "Dover Beach".[1]
- September 29 – Marian Evans, the future George Eliot, takes up an appointment as (assistant) editor of the Westminster Review, published by John Chapman. In this capacity she will meet G. H. Lewes.
- November 14 – Herman Melville's novel Moby-Dick; or, The Whale is published in full, in a single volume, for the first time, by Harper & Brothers in New York, having been previously issued on October 18 as The Whale in an abridged three-volume edition by Richard Bentley in London.
- December 2 – The French coup d'état of 1851 prompts Victor Hugo to be a leader of an unsuccessful insurrection against it. He is forced into exile, initially to Brussels.
- December 24 – A fire at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., destroys 35,000 books, about two–thirds of the collection.
- unknown dates
- Akabi's Story (Akabi Hikayesi), by Vartan Pasha, is published - an early example of a novel in the Turkish language printed in the Armenian alphabet
- Hovhannes Hisarian publishes Khosrov yev Makruhi (Khosrov and Makruhi), the first romantic novel in the Armenian language, written in the vernacular Ashkharhabar dialect.
- Stephanos Th. Xenos publishes his "Istanbul novel" The Devil in Turkey; Or Scenes in Constantinople in English translated from his Greek manuscript, in London.[2]
- Philosopher Auguste Comte includes a list of 150 books which a well-educated person should have read in his Catéchisme positiviste .
- Albertus Willem Sijthoff establishes a publishing business at Leiden.[3]
New books
[edit]Fiction
[edit]- Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly – Une Vieille Maîtresse (An Old Mistress)
- George Borrow – Lavengro: The Scholar, the Gypsy and the Priest (novelized memoir of Romany life)
- Mathilde Fibiger – Clara Raphael, Tolv Breve (Clara Raphael, Twelve Letters)
- Elizabeth Gaskell – Cranford (serialization begins)
- Nathaniel Hawthorne – The House of the Seven Gables
- Gottfried Keller – Der Grüne Heinrich
- Sheridan Le Fanu
- Ghost Stories and Tales of Mystery
- The Watcher
- Herman Melville – Moby-Dick
- John Ruskin – The King of the Golden River
- Jules Verne – A Drama in Mexico (Un drame au Mexique) short story[4]
- Harriet Ward – Jasper Lyle: A Tale of Kafirland [sic]
Children and young people
[edit]- W. H. G. Kingston – Peter the Whaler
Drama
[edit]- Edward Bulwer-Lytton – Not So Bad as We Seem, or, Many Sides to a Character: A Comedy in Five Acts
- Ferdinand Dugué – Salvator Rosa
- Franz Grillparzer – The Jewess of Toledo (Die Jüdin von Toledo, written)
- Eugène Marin Labiche with Marc Michel – Un Chapeau de paille d'Italie (An Italian Straw Hat)
- Maria Ann Lovell – Ingomar the Barbarian
- Alexey Pisemsky – The Hypochondriac (published)
- Eugène Scribe – Bataille de Dames[5]
Poetry
[edit]- Matthew Arnold – "Dover Beach" (probably completed; not published until 1867)
- Heinrich Heine – Romanzero
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow – The Golden Legend
Non-fiction
[edit]- Hans Christian Andersen – In Sweden
- Gilbert Abbott à Beckett – The Comic History of Rome
- Edward Creasy – The Fifteen Decisive Battles of the World
- Catherine Dickens (as Lady Maria Clutterbuck) – What Shall We Have for Dinner?
- Josiah Henson – The Life of Josiah Henson, Formerly a Slave, Now an Inhabitant of Canada, as Narrated by Himself
- Søren Kierkegaard
- Henry Mayhew – London Labour and the London Poor (collected in book form)
- Francisco de Paula Mellado – Enciclopedia moderna
- Ferencz Aurelius Pulszky – A magyar jakobinusok (The Jacobins in Hungary)
- John Ruskin – The Stones of Venice, vol 1
Births
[edit]- February 21 – Ernst von Hesse-Wartegg, Austrian writer and traveler (died 1918)
- April 13 – Helen M. Winslow, American editor, author and publisher (died 1938)
- May 27 – Henry Festing Jones, English biographer, editor and lawyer (died 1928)[6]
- June – Jessie Fothergill, English novelist (died 1891)[7]
- June 11 – Mary Augusta Ward (Mrs. Humphry Ward), Tasmanian-born English novelist (died 1920)
- June 29 – Jane Dieulafoy, French archeologist, novelist and journalist (died 1916)
- August 23 – Alois Jirásek, Czech novelist and playwright (died 1930)
- September 14 – H. E. Beunke, Dutch writer (died 1925)
- September 16 – Emilia Pardo Bazán, Galician Spanish novelist (died 1921)
- December 10 – Melvil Dewey, born Melville Dewey, American librarian (died 1931)
Deaths
[edit]- February 1 – Mary Shelley, English novelist and essayist (born 1797)[8]
- February 23 – Joanna Baillie, Scottish poet and dramatist (born 1762)[9]
- February 24 – Sake Dean Mahomed, author of first book in English by an Indian (born 1759)[10]
- May 23 – Richard Lalor Sheil, Irish dramatist and journalist (born 1791)
- July 17 – Esther Copley, English children's writer and tractarian (born 1786)
- August 1 – Harriet Lee, English novelist (born 1757)
- August 10 – Heinrich Paulus, German theologian (born 1761)
- September 14 – James Fenimore Cooper, American historical novelist (born 1789)[11]
- September 22 – Sarah Elizabeth Utterson, English translator and short story writer (born 1781)
- December 19 – Henry Luttrell, English politician, wit and society poet (born c. 1765)
- unknown date – Vanchinbalyn Gularans, Mongolian poet (unknown year of birth)
References
[edit]- ^ Published 1867. Allott, Kenneth, ed. (1965). The Poems of Matthew Arnold. London; New York: Longman Norton. p. 240. ISBN 0-393-04377-0.
- ^ Stephanos Th Xenos (1851). The Devil in Turkey, Or, Scenes in Constantinople. Effingham Wilson.
- ^ Maas, Norbert Maria Hubert (1996). "Altyt Waek Saem: De drukker-uitgever A.W. Sijthoff (1829-1913)". Nieuw Letterkundig Magazijn (in Dutch). pp. 35–41. Retrieved 2010-08-29.
- ^ "Extranjeros perdidos en México: La aventura de Julio Verne de 1851" [Foreigners lost in Mexico: The 1951 adventure of Jules Verne]. Relatos e historias en Mexico (in Spanish). Retrieved June 1, 2019.
- ^ Gustave Vapereau (1865). Dictionnaire universel des contemporains contenant toutes les personnes notables de la France et des pays étrangers ... Hachette. p. 1084.
- ^ Retrieved 1 January 2018.
- ^ Bertha Porter (1885–1900), "Fothergill, Jessie (DNB01)". Sidney Lee, ed., Dictionary of National Biography II, London: Smith, Elder & Co.
- ^ Bennett, Betty T. Introduction to Selected Letters, xxvii.
- ^ Judith Bailey Slagle (2002). Joanna Baillie, a Literary Life. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 64. ISBN 978-0-8386-3949-8.
- ^ Michael H. Fisher, "Mahomed, Deen (1759–1851)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Oxford, UK: OUP), 2004 Retrieved 13 May 2017.
- ^ Robert N. Hudspeth; Robert D. Habich (2004). Lives Out of Letters: Essays on American Literary Biography and Documentation in Honor of Robert N. Hudspeth. Fairleigh Dickinson Univ Press. p. 145. ISBN 978-0-8386-4005-0.